January 14, 2026
4 mins
This article was reviewed for technical accuracy and clarity by Dr Nigel Roberts, Associate Divisional Director, with a keen interest…
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October 23, 2025
3 mins
Retained surgical swabs remain one of healthcare’s most preventable Never Events.Even with decades of safety protocols and manual counting, incidents…
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September 25, 2025
4 mins
Editors Note The NHS Never Events consultation took place from February to May 2024. It has now closed and NHS…
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September 11, 2025
2 mins
Childbirth should be joyous. For Laura Fleming, it became the start of an avoidable nightmare. In this conversation, Laura describes…
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September 1, 2025
2 mins
Retained surgical swabs remain a serious risk despite checklists and protocols. In this interview, a paediatric surgeon shares why these…
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August 26, 2025
3 mins
When we talk about Never Events in healthcare, the word “never” is not a suggestion. It should be a promise.…
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August 12, 2025
3 mins
Second victims in the operating theatre are often overlooked in patient safety discussions. When retained surgical swabs occur, the impact…
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July 14, 2025
3 mins
Introduction Swab counting isn’t considered among the most exciting topic in healthcare. But it’s one of those behind-the-scenes processes that…
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June 21, 2025
4 mins
In the fast-paced, high-pressure environment of an operating theatre or maternity ward, patient safety is always the top priority. Yet,…
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June 12, 2025
4 mins
Retained swabs affect clinicians in profound and often overlooked ways. While the patient impact is well-known, the hidden emotional and…
Read BlogThe Causes & Hidden Cost of Never Events
These references explore the consequences, policy implications, risk factors, and financial/legal burdens associated with retained surgical items (RSIs).
HSIB, CQC, NHS Improvement, Joint Commission, NHS NPSA, Australia & NZ reports
NHS Long Term Plan & US Navy Navmed Policy
Gawande et al., Birolini et al., Zhan & Miller – major prevalence and outcome studies
Gawande, Steelman, AHRQ – reports showing high costs and added hospital stays
Bailey, Kaiser, Gualniera – legal and malpractice case reviews
Dozens of country-specific studies: US, UK, India, France, Kenya, Brazil, etc.
Wan et al., Sirihorachai et al., Tabibzadeh et al., Anderson – systematic reviews and safety studies
Edel, Greenberg, Christian – documenting risks in manual count procedures
Joint Commission & cost analyses comparing RFID/barcoded swabs with iCount (£9/patient)
Regenbogen et al. – cost model showing economic value of iCount-like tech
Mathew & Imoto – showing limits of imaging to detect RSIs
The iCount Evidence Base
These references support interventions, technology innovations, and human-factors-based solutions to prevent RSIs underpinning the rationale for adopting tools like iCount.